利用擴(kuò)頻功率控制避免物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中的噪聲

　　物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的一個(gè)重要特征是他們能夠通過(guò)低能量無(wú)線鏈路傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。需要傳輸和接收的數(shù)據(jù)的敏感性質(zhì)意味著需要采取措施來(lái)保護(hù)鏈路。以及使用加密通信，竊聽(tīng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，可以減少通過(guò)限制在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的節(jié)點(diǎn)的發(fā)送功率，并使用編碼方案，使比特難以區(qū)分隨機(jī)噪聲。

　　其結(jié)果是，RF靈敏度起著很大的作用，在提高安全性，因?yàn)樗试S使用較低的功率電平，并采用更先進(jìn)的編碼方案。然而，接收靈敏度的要求，嚴(yán)格的要求，可以容忍的設(shè)備內(nèi)的噪聲電平。低能量的無(wú)線電接收器通常易受窄帶噪聲，集中在特定的頻率，特別是協(xié)議常常使用窄帶信道的干擾，使得更難避免。

　　Although it is possible to tune clock sources so that the main causes of internal interference avoid generating harmonics that interfere with a particular RF transmission band， the demand for flexibility is making this harder to achieve in practice. White-space radio systems such as Weightless demand that the RF subsystem is frequency agile – so that at times， the receiver needs to contend with interference generated locally. As a result， the suppression of electromagnetic interference （EMI） in the circuit design is becoming increasingly important.

　　A key source of EMI in any electronic system is the power subsystem. Most designs providing stable power rails at the point of load （POL） have moved from the use of analog low-dropout （LDO） regulators to provide stable power rails to switched-mode DC/ DC converters. Although switched-mode DC/DC converters provide high efficiency， maximizing the energy that can be recovered from a single battery charge， their switching behavior can be a major source of noise. The primary source is the clock used to drive the pulse-width PWM conversion circuitry.