工業(yè)自動(dòng)化數(shù)據(jù)采集的無(wú)線結(jié)構(gòu)

　　本文討論了用于無(wú)線分發(fā)的數(shù)據(jù)捕獲的不同選項(xiàng)，以支持工業(yè)自動(dòng)化應(yīng)用程序。它著眼于數(shù)據(jù)捕獲的不同層次的集成，以及用于連接傳感器和其他設(shè)備的不同無(wú)線技術(shù)的接口。它涵蓋了芯片mrf49xa收發(fā)器在ISM頻帶低于900赫茲和Silicon Labs em351 2.4 GHz的應(yīng)用。

　　片上系統(tǒng)（SOC）設(shè)備在工業(yè)自動(dòng)化無(wú)線數(shù)據(jù)采集設(shè)計(jì)中越來(lái)越流行。收發(fā)信機(jī)需要一個(gè)微控制器來(lái)處理協(xié)議棧和傳入的數(shù)據(jù)打包。將控制器與無(wú)線電前端結(jié)合起來(lái)，減少了設(shè)計(jì)的足跡、成本和復(fù)雜性。頻帶和協(xié)議的選擇取決于數(shù)據(jù)帶寬的要求，而這又取決于所使用的傳感器結(jié)構(gòu)和數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)。

　　然而，對(duì)于較低的數(shù)據(jù)速率、低成本的較低頻段的應(yīng)用，仍然有一個(gè)單獨(dú)的收發(fā)器，可以很容易地集成到低成本控制器，與數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換器和傳感器子系統(tǒng)的要求相匹配。

　　Wireless systems are used to link sensors around the factory floor to a central monitoring point. These wireless sensor networks （WSN） provide vital data， from the status of a process to the health of a piece of machinery. This helps optimize the performance of the industrial process and flag problems with equipment to allow for replacement before it fails， avoiding costly down time.

　　Integrated system-on-chip devices such as the Silicon Labs EM351 use the I2C interface， which is a common output from an analog-to-digital converter （ADC）。 This， along with the SPI interface， can dramatically simplify the design of the node， providing a simple two or four wire interface to the data converter. The choice of converter will be determined by the output protocol to ensure they are well matched in performance – from a lower data rate 868 MHz ISM band with an 8-bit controller to a 2.4 GHz ZigBee node with a 32-bit processor.