基于MCU的嵌入式設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)算以太網(wǎng)

　　嵌入式設(shè)備的連接是一個(gè)必須具備的，因?yàn)槲覀冞M(jìn)入一個(gè)普遍的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（物聯(lián)網(wǎng)）世界。無線連接似乎是主要的趨勢，但大多數(shù)無線設(shè)備最終需要找到一個(gè)有線互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接，增加帶寬和可靠性。我們的好朋友，傳統(tǒng)的有線以太網(wǎng)連接還是需要的樞紐，聚合、橋、存儲和應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的嵌入式節(jié)點(diǎn)。低成本的傳感器也可以使用有線以太網(wǎng)，而不是無線解決方案時(shí)，成本，帶寬，方便性或可靠性的問題排除了無線方法。幸運(yùn)的是，許多低成本單片機(jī)的家庭現(xiàn)在提供有線以太網(wǎng)支持傳感器，廉價(jià)的橋梁和連接聚合可沒有“破”預(yù)算銀行。

　　本文將提供廉價(jià)的MCU，支持有線以太網(wǎng)連接類型的概述。一些常見的嵌入式應(yīng)用程序，將需要有線連接的例子將演示如何關(guān)鍵MCU的功能和功能相匹配的重要應(yīng)用需求。

　　Ethernet connectivity in the embedded world

　　Ethernet is such a pervasive element in embedded systems we usually do not give it much thought -- it’s just the “ether” over which computers communicate. Since its initial standardization in 1985 Ethernet has grown and evolved from the original 3 Mbit/s data transfer rate to 100 Gbit/s and has spawned a variety of different media and connection topologies. The flexibility of the multi-layer OSI model and the underlying message structure supported the evolution and optimization that has allowed Ethernet to survive and prosper over several decades.

　　Embedded devices use Ethernet connectivity to send and receive data and control information. More advanced embedded systems can use Ethernet to transmit and receive code updates to add new features and to fix bugs or security weaknesses that can be exploited by hackers to steal confidential information. These updates must be protected from security exploits， or hackers can use the update facility to fully compromise the system and use it as an entry point to attack other portions of the network. Even low-cost embedded systems may make use of the convenience of remote updates， so some level of security must be considered even when the design is done “on a budget.”